जलवायु एवं कृषि-जलवायु क्षेत्र – Rajasthan GK

Rajasthan is divided into 10 major agro-climatic zones from an agricultural perspective.

The highest difference between day and night temperatures is found in the summer season, especially in the western desert regions.

The rainfall occurring in winter due to Western Disturbances is called 'Mawat', which is beneficial for Rabi crops.

The Semi-Arid Eastern Plain Zone (IIIA) includes districts like Jaipur, Ajmer, Dausa, and Tonk, where the climate is semi-arid.

Jhalawar is the district in Rajasthan that receives the highest rainfall and falls under the extremely humid climatic zone.

The western part of Rajasthan has an arid climate and the central part has a semi-arid climate, covering most of the state.

The average annual rainfall in Rajasthan is approximately 57.5 cm, which is significantly lower than the national average.

In the Arid Western Plain Zone (IA), due to low rainfall and sandy soil, drought-resistant crops like Bajra and Guar are prominent.

Species like Babul and Khejri are part of desert vegetation, found in arid and semi-arid regions.

Mawat is rainfall that occurs in winter due to Western Disturbances originating from the Mediterranean Sea.

Jhalawar district records the highest average annual rainfall in Rajasthan.

Most of the rainfall in Rajasthan occurs due to the Bay of Bengal Monsoon, which enters eastern Rajasthan.

The Aravalli mountain range is situated parallel to the South-Western monsoon winds, allowing these winds to pass without obstruction, resulting in low rainfall in Western Rajasthan.

In Thornthwaite's classification, 'CA'w' represents a sub-humid climate, which includes districts of Southern Rajasthan like Udaipur, Dungarpur, Banswara.

Loo are extremely hot and dry winds that blow during the summer season, predominantly in Western Rajasthan.

The Wagad region (Dungarpur-Banswara) receives good rainfall, hence its climate falls under the extremely humid category.

In Koppen's classification, 'BShw' represents a semi-arid steppe climate, which includes the western parts of Aravalli (e.g., Nagaur, Sikar, Jhunjhunu).

The Arid Western Plain Zone (IA) is the largest agro-climatic zone of Rajasthan in terms of area.

The Chambal river, due to its deep erosion, forms 'Badlands' (Beehad) or ravines, which are found in Kota, Sawai Madhopur, and Dholpur districts.

The Irrigated North-Western Plain Zone (IB), which includes Ganganagar and Hanumangarh, is known for Rabi crops like wheat, barley, and mustard due to canal irrigation.